16 - Assuntos de mulheres: Não só para mulheres
Women's Business: Not for women Only
Des sujets pour les femmes: Pas seulement pour les femmes
Asuntos de mujeres: No sólo para mujeres
Coordenado por/Co-ordinator: Mary Amanda Gorden &
Peggy Grove
PAPERS
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Filaments And Fibers: Woven Strands Of Mythology, Ritual, And Personal Identity Painted Onto Female Figures In Australian Rock Art
Margaret Grove, Austrália
Across the northern portion of Australia, I have documented hundreds of rock art pictographs of females in active stances holding informational objects or shown wearing emblems based on fiber. The inclusion of these plant-based twined filaments is now known to construe and represent a series of analogous and interconnected events. String, as a symbolic object, is woven into many forms and worn in many ways. It is often depicted in the rock art of Arnhem Land, held in the hands of females participating in ritual activity or adorning their bodies. The worldview of Aboriginal women and men is revealed in the exquisitely detailed Aboriginal paintings pertaining to:
a.) formation of the world by female Creator Beings,
b.) pubescent females in ritual dance postures announcing their fertility,
c.) song cycles, chants and myths honoring female fecundity,
d.) sacred emblems based on the female body, and
e.) body painting depicting personal and clan symbols.
A mere filament of string binds these rock paintings together in appearance and in meaning. This presentation will include photographs of female figures in Australian rock art wearing these woven elements, with discussion of their relationship to ancient myth and ritual.
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Female, Male Or Other: Gender And Sexual Identity In Rock Art
Mary Amanda Gorden, Estados Unidos da América
Women’s business may be as old as time, but until recently it has been in the backwater of rock art research. In the past, rock art analysis has primarily focused on classifying the images and determining their age. Since the 1970’s, researchers have investigated gendered characteristics of rock art images resulting in a better understanding of the role gender plays in influencing cultural constructs. This paper will discuss gender and sexual identity among the Yokuts of Central California. Analyzing rock art images provides insight into gender roles. Placement of rock art in the landscape, physiographic formations, and gender associated artifacts provides further evidence in defining women’s roles in society. Ethnography, mythology and folklore also aid in the identification of rock art images that provide clues to gender and sexual identity. The final discussion considers whether insights gained from the Yokuts’ concepts of gender and sexuality are applicable to other traditional cultures.
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Simbologia de Genero: Algunas Lecturas Sobre Iconografia Fenenina y Masculina en el Arte Ruprestre de las Sierras de San Francisco y Guadalupe, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Maria de la Luz Gutiérrez Martinez,
En las cordilleras centrales de la península de Baja California se manifiesta uno de los repertorios de arte rupestre más extraordinarios de México. Aquí, en cientos de sitios localizados en los cañones y mesas de estas montañas, fueron plasmadas numerosas pinturas rupestres y petroglifos, portentosa obra de los antiguos habitantes de esta región. Hasta el momento las sierras más investigadas son las de San Francisco y Guadalupe, en las cuales se han registrado cerca de 1,150 sitios con arte rupestre. Una característica que llama mucho la atención porque imprime marcadas diferencias en el arte rupestre de estas dos sierras es el tratamiento que en la Sierra de Guadalupe se le dio a la figura humana, aquí se percibe un cuidadoso diseño de los atributos sexuales en los antropomorfos de ambos géneros y otros indicios visuales que aparecen con cierta frecuencia relacionados a unos y otras. En la ponencia se presentará una lectura preliminar de algunas imágenes y composiciones que pudieran estar relacionadas a una iconografía de género en el arte rupestre de estas montañas.
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The Feminine In Mexico’s Baja California Sur Rock Art
Elaine Moore, Estados Unidos da América
Female imagery in art making through the ages usually employs visual metaphor to describe the female anatomy, hair do's and dressings, body embellishment, wearing apparel and artistic composition. Some of these metaphorical images transcend time, presenting themselves either deliberately or subconsciously in art. To that end this paper will discuss the imagery in Baja California Sur's Sierra de San Francisco rock art in the context of ageless female metaphor by contrasting it to contemporary and historical symbolism exemplified by artist's such as Artemisia Gentileschi, Judy Chicago and Georgia O'Keefe.
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L’art Rupestre Et Le Matriarcat: Une Reflexion Historique-Critique Sur Les Representation Academiques de La Deesee´-Mere Et Le Pouvoir Des Femmes dans la Pré-Histoire
Luciana de Campos - Brasil
La théorie du matriarcat - le supposé pouvoir des femmes dans certaines cultures et des périodes de l´humanité, a commencé au cours de le XIX siècle avec les publications de J. Bachofen, avec une grande influence dans l´Antropologie, l´Archeologie, la Théorie du mythe, la Psychologie, entre autres disciplines. La théorie du matriarcat a été développé plus tard dans les études d´art rupestre de l´Europe à l´Amerique du Sud, en particulier dans les deux types de matériaux de trace: les meubles avec des sculptures des représentations des femmes et fixes, avec des pétroglyphes et des peintures pariétales disant représentant la vulve. Notre principale intention est de faire une refléxion critique sur les idées femelles présents dans les recherches archéologiques dans le XXI siècle et, avec les principales références théoriques des oevres de Stella Georgoudi et Lucina Muñoz et de la méthodologie du genre, en particulier ceux qui résultent de Judith Butler et Joan Scott.
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Sex and Gender in the rcok Art of Valcamonica
Mila Simões de Abreu & Angelo Fossati - Portugal/Reino Unido, Itália
At first sight, the rock Art of Valcamonica (Lombardy, Italy) is obviously dominated by the male figure, especially the warrior. Unambiguous female figures are very few and almost all belong to the Bronze Age or Early Iron Age. Sexual scenes exist and are among the most interesting from the point o view of complexity and interpretation. In this presentation, we will address the question of how gender is present in the Camunian engravings and what place sex and this iconography had in the valley. Are there male and female sites, as in other parts of the world? This are among the questions we will try to answer in this paper.
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A mulher na Pré-história da Serra da Capivara
Cris Buco, Elaine Ignacio, & Ana Clelia do Nascimento - Brasil/Portugal, Brasil, Brasil
Nesta apresentação mostraremos os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa imagética no corpus gráfico da região da Serra da Capivara sobre a representação da mulher – a figura feminina. O projeto amplia-se para estudos interdisciplinares com outras áreas de pesquisa do conhecimento científico, incluindo a antropologia física, na busca do conhecimento de uma identidade feminina pré-histórica.
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